Beda Cows dan Calves

Penasaran apa beda cows dan calves gara-gara baca sebuah posting. Ditambah sebelumnya pernah baca di reading TOEFL. Tapi saat itu tahunya artinya sama-sama sapi. 

Dari dulu tahunya cow itu sapi. Bull itu banteng. Tak pernah diajarkan nama-nama keluarga sapi yang ternyata ada banyak istilah. Ternyata oh ternyata. Mari disimak. Biar wawasan tambah luas.

• Bovine: Sapi

• Cattle: general plural term for more than one bovine

Cattle itu sebutan jamak untuk sapi lebih dari satu.

• Cow: a mature female bovine that has given birth to at least one or two calves. Colloquially, the term "cow" is also in reference to the Bos primigenius species of domestic cattle, regardless of age, gender, breed or type. However for most people who work with or raise cattle, this term is not used in the same reference as previously noted.

Cow adalah sapi betina dewasa yang sudah melahirkan minimal 1 atau 2 anak sapi.

• Calf (plural: Calves): an immature bovine (male and female) that is reliant on milk from its dam or from a bottle in order to survive and grow. A calf is known as such from birth to around 10 months of age.

Calf (jamak Calves) adalah sapi jantan atau betina belum dewasa (anak sapi usia baru lahir hingga 10 bulan) yang bergantung pada susu induknya atau dari botol untuk bertahan hidup dan tumbuh. 

• Bull: a mature, intact (testicles present and not removed) male bovine used for breeding purposes.

Bull disebut 'banteng' dalam bahasa Indonesia yaitu sapi jantan dewasa yang ditujukan untuk pembiakan (kawin). Buah pelir masih utuh ya alias tidak dikebiri.

• Steer: a male bovine (or bull) that has been castrated before reaching sexual maturity and is primarily used for beef.

Steer adalah sapi jantan (atau banteng) yang sudah dikebiri sebelum mencapai kematangan seksual dan terutama untuk diambil dagingnya.

• Stag: a male bovine (or bull) that has been castrated after or upon reaching sexual maturity and is primarily used for beef, but can and is also often used as a "gomer bull" for detecting cows and heifers in heat.
• Heifer: a female bovine (often immature, but beyond the "calf" stage) less than 1 to 2 years of age that has never calved. Such females, if they've never calved beyond two years of age may also be called heiferettes.
• Bred Heifer: a female bovine that is pregnant with her first calf.
• First-calf Heifer or First-calver: a female bovine that has given birth to her first calf, and is often around 24 to 36 months of age, depending on the breed and when she was first bred.
• Ox (plural: Oxen): a bovine that is trained for draft work (pulling carts, wagons, plows, etc.)This is a term that primarily refers to a male bovine that has been castrated after maturity. However, an ox can also be female bovine (cow or heifer) or even a bull that has been trained for the same purpose. In the Biblical times, an ox was a general term used, just like with the term "cows," to a domesticated bovine regardless of age, gender, breed, type, or draft purposes.
• Bull calf: an immature intact male bovine (since all males are born with testes) that is reliant on milk from his dam or a bottle for growth and survival.
• Steer calf: an immature male bovine that has been castrated a few days to a couple months after birth, and is reliant on milk from his dam or a bottle for growth and survival.
• Heifer calf: an immature female bovine that is reliant on milk from her dam or a bottle for growth and survival.
• Freemartin: an infertile or sterile heifer or heifer calf. Such infertility is a result of being maternally twinned with a bull calf and whose placental tissues were shared in the womb. During the first trimester, reproductive organs start to form and sexual hormones begin to be produced in the fetus. When male and female fetal calves are twinned together, the testosterone produced by the male inhibits estrogen production in the female. This results in abnormal, underdeveloped or hermaphroditic reproductive organs in the female fetus. This is not so for the male. Freemartins are sometimes referred to as "hermaphrodites" if they are born with reproductive organs of both genders. As a result, this type of freemartins tend to develop secondary male sexual characteristics (muscular crest over neck, wide forehead, etc.) upon reaching puberty.
• Cattlebeast/bovine/animal: a singular term for a bovine whose gender cannot be determined, particularly when viewed at a distance. Most people like to refer to a bovine of unknown (or "unknown") gender as a "cow," simply because it is a much more well-known and popular term to use than "bovine" or "cattle beast." This, however, is often not the case around experienced cattlemen and cattle women or "ranchers" (as some like to call them) who never use the term "cow" when referring to a bovine that is anything but a cow. "Animal," "critter," "creature," or any other term, coarse or not, are most often used over the colloquial word "cow." !

Bagaimana? Tambah banyak kosakata? Yuk belajar dan belajar... :)

http://www.wikihow.com/Tell-the-Difference-Between-Bulls,-Cows,-Steers-and-Heifers